ENGINEERING GUIDELINES B B40 TERMINAL CONTROLS AND ACCESSORIES Engineering Guidelines | Terminals, Controls and Accessories Terminals, Controls and Accessories Types of Terminals Single Duct This basic terminal consists of casing, a damper, a damper actuator and associated controls. In response to control signals from a thermostat or other source, the terminal varies the airflow through a single duct handling hot or cold air. In some applications the same terminal is used Dual Duct, Non-Mixing Essentially the same as two single duct terminals side-by-side, this terminal modulates the flow of hot and cold air in two separate streams supplied by a dual duct central air handling unit. Because there is no provision for mixing the two airstreams, this terminal should not be used for simultaneous heating and cooling, Dual Duct, Mixing Here the terminal is designed specifically for mixing hot (or tempered ventilation) and cold air in any proportion. When equipped with pneumatic controls, there is a velocity sensor in the hot air inlet, but none in the cold air inlet. A velocity sensor at the discharge measures the total flow of air and sends the signal to the cold air controller. In the mixing cycle, the Single Duct, with Heating Coil This is the single duct terminal described above, with a heating coil added. The coil may be of either the hot water or the electric type. The hot water coil is usually modulated by a proportioning valve controlled by the same thermostat that controls the terminal. Control for the electric coil is either 100% on-off or in steps of capacity, energized by contactors in response to the room thermostat. The single duct terminal with heating coil is most often used in an exterior zone Fan Powered, Parallel Type (Variable Volume) In this terminal a fan is added to recirculate plenum air, for heating only. The heating cycle occurs generally when the primary air is off or at minimum flow. Heat is picked up as the recirculated air is drawn from the ceiling space and the fan motor. Additional heat can be provided by a hot water or electric coil on the Titus 2008 - 2009 Product Catalog | www.titus-hvac.com for both heating and cooling; a dual function thermostat, together with the necessary change-over circuitry, makes this possible. Controls can be pneumatic, electric, analog electronic or direct digital electronic. Accessories such as round outlets, multiple outlets and sound attenuators may be added. The single duct terminal is most often used in an interior zone of the building, which would result in stratification in the discharge duct. (When stratification occurs, the several outlets served by the terminal may deliver air at noticeably different temperatures.) The non-mixing, dual duct terminal is best used in an exterior zone, in which zeroto-low airflow can be tolerated as the temperature requirement shifts from cooling to heating. hot airflow changes first, and a change in cold airflow follows to maintain a constant total (mixed) volume. When equipped with DDC controls by Titus, both hot and cold inlets have velocity sensors, with the summation of flows computed by the microprocessor. No discharge velocity sensor is used. This dual duct terminal is often used in an exterior zone of a building or to ensure ventilation rates. with moderate heating requirements. Since the terminal normally handles its minimum cfm in the heating mode, a dual minimum cfm or “flip-flop” control can be added for increased heating airflow. Separate minimum cfm setpoints are standard with most DDC controls (available optionally on most other control types) and should be considered in design. A higher minimum cfm in heating mode will improve overhead air distribution performance. terminal. Because the fan handles only the heating airflow, which is usually less than that for cooling, the fan can be sized smaller than in the series flow type terminal (see below). During the cooling cycle, the fan is off and cool primary air is supplied from the central system. A backdraft damper prevents reverse flow through the fan. The flow of the primary air is regulated by variable air volume controls. Used in exterior zones. for cooling only. Supply Figure 47. Elevation - Single Duct Hot Cold To Outlets Figure 48. Plan View - Dual Duct, Non- Mixing Hot Cold To Outlets To Outlets Figure 49. Plan View - Duct Duct, Mixing Supply To Outlets Hot Water or Electric Coil Figure 50. Elevation - Single Duct, with Heating Coil Primary Recirc. Backdraft Damper To Fan Outlets Figure 51. Plan View - Fan Powered, Parallel Type (Variable Volume)

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